Mekhoa e Mecha ea Indasteri ea Matla
Boemong ba karabelo ea lefats'e ho phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le khothaletso ea phetoho ea sebopeho sa eneji, indasteri ea matla e hloekileng, e silafetseng le e sebetsang hantle e fetohile tumellano.Litsenyehelo tsa ho fehla matla a matla a macha li theohile haholo.Ho tloha ka 2009, ditjeho tsa tlhahiso ya matla a letsatsi di theohile ka 81%, mme ditjeho tsa ho fehla matla a moya lebopong di theohile ka 46%.Ho ea ka ponelopele ea EA (International Energy Agency) ka 2050, 90% ea motlakase oa lefats'e e tla tsoa mehloling ea matla e nchafalitsoeng, eo matla a letsatsi le moea hammoho a nkang karolo ea 70%.
Tseleng ea Global Zero-Carbon, Matla a Nchafatsoang e Tla ba Mohloli o ka Sehloohong oa Matla
Phatlalatso ea Maraka ea Photovoltaic
Ka 2021, ho romelloa ha lihlahisoa tsa photovoltaic lik'honthinenteng tse fapaneng ho tla eketseha ho ea ka maemo a fapaneng.Mmaraka oa Europe o bone keketseho e kholo ka ho fetisisa, ho fihlela 72% selemo le selemo.Ka 2021, Europe e tla ba 'maraka o ka sehloohong oa thomello, o nka karolo ea 39% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba kantle ho naha.Li-wafer tsa silicon le lisele li romelloa haholo Asia.
Lintlha tsa Thekiso ea Lihlahisoa tsa PV Ka 2021
Ka la 13 April, Ofisi ea Boitsebiso ea Lekhotla la Naha e ile ea tšoara seboka sa boralitaba mabapi le boemo ba ho kenya le ho romela thepa karolong ea pele ea 2022. Li Kuiwen, 'muelli oa General Administration of Customs le mookameli oa Lefapha la Lipalopalo le Analysis, o boletse hore nakong ea pele. kotara, kakaretso ea boleng ba thepa le thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea heso e ne e le li-yuan tse litrilione tse 9.42, e leng keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 10.7%.Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore kotareng ea pele, naha ea heso e rometse lihlahisoa tsa mochini le tsa motlakase ho li-yuan tse litrilione tse 3.05, keketseho ea 9.8%, e leng karolo ea 58.4% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba thomello, eo lisele tsa letsatsi li eketsehileng ka 100.8% selemo le selemo. selemo, ho beoa pele sehlopheng sa lihlahisoa tsa mechini le tsa motlakase.
Mathata a Matla a Potlakisa Tlhokahalo ea Matla a Tsosolositsoeng - Ka la 8 Hlakubele, Komisi ea Europe e ile ea lokolla 'mapa oa litsela bakeng sa boipuso ba matla ho potlakisa nts'etsopele ea matla a tsosolositsoeng le ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka matla a Russia.Jeremane e ile ea etsa tlhahiso e potlakileng ea ho ntšetsa pele sepheo sa matla a tsosolositsoeng a 100% ho tloha 2040 ho ea 2035 ho ea 2025. Matla a photovoltaic a sa tsoa kenngoa Europe a batla a imenne habeli (49.7GW Vs. 25.9GW).Jeremane e boloka sekhahla sa kholo ea pele 'me ho lebeletsoe hore linaha tsa 12 li fihlele limmaraka tsa boemo ba GW (hona joale 7).
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa betri ea matla o "kentsoe" ke China, Japane le Korea Boroa.Ho romelloa ha libeteri tsa matla tsa linaha tsena tse tharo ho etsa karolo ea 90% ea kakaretso ea lefats'e.60% ea chelete eo.
1. Ka lebaka la ntlafatso ea thekenoloji, litšenyehelo tsa libeteri tsa polokelo ea matla lefatšeng ka bophara li fokotsehile ka ho tsoelang pele, 'me boholo ba' maraka bo ntse bo tsoela pele ho atoloha.Ho hakanngoa hore 'maraka oa lefats'e oa polokelo ea matla o tla fihla ho lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 58 ka lilemo tse 21.
2. Likoloi tsa motlakase li ntse li le maemong a tloaelehileng, 'me hoo e ka bang halofo ea karolo ea' maraka;libeteri tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla li na le litšitiso tse phahameng tsa ho kena 'me li laoloa ke linatla tsa tlhahiso ea betri ea Chaena.
3. Lihlahisoa tsa China tsa polokelo ea matla li ntse li tsoela pele ho hola, ka sekhahla sa kholo e fetang 50% lilemong tse tharo tse fetileng.Ho lebelletsoe hore sekhahla sa kholo ea kholo ea betri ea polokelo ea matla lefatšeng ka bophara e tla ba haufi le 10-15% lilemong tse hlano tse tlang.
4. Lihlahisoa tsa China li phallela haholo Korea Boroa, United States, Jeremane, Vietnam e le naha ea Asia, le Hong Kong, Chaena e le setsi sa lipalangoang, 'me lihlahisoa li phallela likarolong tsohle tsa lefats'e.
Hajoale, libeteri tsa naha ea heso li romelloa haholo Amerika Leboea le Asia.Ka 2020, thepa ea libeteri ea naha ea heso ho ea United States e fihlile ho US$3.211 bilione, e leng karolo ea 14.78% ea thepa eohle e romelloang kantle ho naha ea China, 'me e ntse e le sebaka se seholo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa thomello ea betri ea naha ea heso.Ho phaella moo, palo ea libeteri tse romelloang Hong Kong, Jeremane, Vietnam, Korea Boroa le Japane le tsona li feta liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 1 tsa US, tse etsang 10.37%, 8.06%, 7.34%, 7.09% le 4.77% ka ho latellana.Kakaretso ea boleng ba thepa e romelloang kantle ea libaka tse tšeletseng tse holimo tsa libeteri tse eang kantle ho naha ke 52.43%.
Ka lebaka la melemo ea ho tjhaja ka potlako / ho ntša matla a mangata / matla a mangata a matla / nako e telele ea bophelo ba libeteri tsa lithium-ion, palo ea li-export tsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion e ikarabella bakeng sa karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa.
Har'a thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea lihlahisoa tsa ts'ebeliso ea betri, ho romelloa kantle ha likoloi tsa motlakase ho bakile karolo e fetang 51%, 'me thomello ea lihlahisoa tsa polokelo ea matla le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa elektroniki tsa bareki e ne e le haufi le 30%.
Ntlafatso ea indasteri ea lefats'e le likoloi tsa motlakase li tsamaisa nts'etsopele ea libeteri.Ho hakanngoa hore matla a kentsoeng a photovoltaics a tla habeli ho 300GW ka lilemo tse hlano, 'me tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea photovoltaics e ajoang e tla khanna tlhokahalo ea hore libeteri tsa polokelo ea matla li hōle.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, tlas'a semelo sa linaha tse kholo tse kang Chaena, Europe, Japane, Korea Boroa, le United States ka matla a nts'etsopele ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla lefatšeng ka bophara, thekiso e akaretsang ea likoloi tse ncha lefatšeng e ntse e eketseha, 'me motlakase o ntse o eketseha. likoloi, likoloi tse tsamaeang butle joalo ka lifereko, likoloi tsa temo, joalo-joalo li khothalelitse tlhoko ea libeteri tsa motlakase.ho phatlola.Ka lebaka la ntlafatso ea theknoloji ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, lisebelisoa, joalo-joalo, lits'ebetso tsa betri li ntse li ata le ho feta.
Photovoltaic System:
Ho ea ka ponelopele ea Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Matla, ka 2022, bokhoni bo boletsoeng esale pele bo kentsoeng ba photovoltaics e ajoang bo tla eketseha ka 20% selemo le selemo, 'me keketseho ea photovoltaics e ajoang e tla habeli ka 2024. PV e ajoang (motlakase oa motlakase <5MW) e tla ikarabella hoo e batlang e le halofo ea 'maraka oa PV kaofela, o fihlang ho 350GW.Har'a bona, li-photovoltais tse phatlalalitsoeng liindasteri le tsa khoebo li fetohile 'maraka o ka sehloohong, o nkang karolo ea 75% ea matla a sa tsoa kenngoa lilemong tse hlano tse tlang.Bokhoni bo kentsoeng ba lisebelisoa tsa photovoltaic tsa malapa malapeng bo lebelletsoe ho imena habeli ho isa ho malapa a ka bang limilione tse 100 ka 2024.
Lintlha tse tsoang sethaleng se tsebahalang sa mabenkele sa machaba se bonts'a hore bareki ba reka haholo-holo marang-rang a hokahaneng le marang-rang a marang-rang a amanang le malapa le indasteri le khoebo ea photovoltaic.Har'a bareki ba ho batla lihlahisoa tsa photovoltaic, 50% ea bareki ba hlile ba batla mekhoa ea photovoltaic, 'me ho feta 70% ea GMV e tsoa ho mekhoa ea photovoltaic.Phaello e kholo ea phaello ea thekiso ea photovoltaic system e phahame haholo ho feta ea lihlahisoa ka bomong tse kang li-module le li-inverters tse rekisoang ka thoko.Ka nako e ts'oanang, litlhoko tsa moralo oa barekisi, ho nka liodara, le bokhoni ba ho kopanya ketane ea phepelo le tsona ke tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa.
Litsamaiso tsa photovoltaic li arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro: grid-connected, off-grid, le hybrid.Li-off-grid photovoltaic powerplant li boloka matla a letsatsi ka har'a libeteri, ebe li li fetolela ho motlakase oa ntlo oa 220v ka li-inverters.Sistimi ea ho fehla motlakase ea matla a marang-rang e amanang le gridi e bua ka khokahano le mehala.Seteishene sa motlakase sa photovoltaic se hoketsoeng ke grid ha se na sesebelisoa sa polokelo ea matla a motlakase 'me se se fetolela ka kotloloho hore e be motlakase o hlokoang ke marang-rang a naha ka inverter, mme se etelletsa pele tšebeliso ea lelapa.E ka rekisetsoa linaha.
Nako ea poso: May-06-2022